TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA

An international research group led by scientists at the University of Bristol has developed a new approach to quantum computing that could soon be used to perform complex calculations that cannot be done by today’s computers. Unlike conventional bits or transistors, which can be in one of only two states at any one time (1 or 0), a quantum bit can be in several states at the same time and can therefore hold and process a much larger amount of information at a greater rate. The technique developed in Bristol uses two identical photons moving along a network of circuits in a silicon chip to perform an experiment known as a quantum walk. Quantum walk experiments using one photon have been done before and can even be modelled exactly by classical wave physics. However, this is the first time a quantum walk has been performed with two particles, and the implications are far-reaching. In the short term, the team expect to apply their new results immediately for developing new simulation tools in their own lab. In the longer term, a quantum computer based on a multi-photon quantum walk could be used to simulate processes which themselves are governed by quantum mechanics, such as superconductivity and photosynthesis. The step from one photon to two photons is not trivial because the two particles need to be identical in every way and because of the way these particles interact with each other. There is no direct analogue of this interaction outside of quantum physics. According to one of the researchers, Prof. O’Brien,

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